When it comes to Earth observations in AI for disaster risk reduction, is it feast or famine? A topical review
Given the number of in situ and remote (e.g. radiosonde/satellite) monitoring devices, there is a common perception that there are no limits to the availability of EO for immediate use in such AI-based models. However, a mere fraction of EO is...
FedAUX: Leveraging Unlabeled Auxiliary Data in Federated Learning
In this work, we propose FEDAUX, an extension to Federated Distillation, which, under the same set of assumptions, drastically improves the performance by deriving maximum utility from the unlabeled auxiliary data. Our proposed method achieves...
Unsupervised learning of style-aware facial animation from real acting performances
This paper presents a novel approach for text/speech-driven animation of a photo-realistic head model based on blend-shape geometry, dynamic textures, and neural rendering. Training a VAE for geometry and texture yields a parametric model for...
Video-Driven Animation of Neural Head Avatars
We present a new approach for video-driven animation of high-quality neural 3D head models, addressing the challenge of person-independent animation from video input.In order to achieve person-independent animation from video input, we introduce...
From Multispectral-Stereo to Intraoperative Hyperspectral Imaging: a Feasibility Study
Spectral imaging allows to analyze optical tissue properties that are invisible to the naked eye. We present a novel approach using two multispectral snapshot cameras covering different spectral ranges as a stereo-system. The proposed method...
Automatic Registration of Anatomical Structures of Stereo-Endoscopic Point Clouds
In this paper, we present an analysis and registration pipeline for confined point clouds acquired by stereo endoscopes into a fused representation. For a coarse registration, TEASER is applied, while a refinement is conducted utilizing...
Surgical Phase Recognition for different hospitals
Surgical phase recognition is an important aspect of surgical workflow analysis, as it allows an automatic analysis of the performance and efficiency of surgical procedures. A big challenge for training a neural network for surgical phase...
3D Hyperspectral Light-Field Imaging: a first intraoperative implementation
Hyperspectral imaging is an emerging technology that has gained significant attention in the medical field due to its ability to provide precise and accurate imaging of biological tissues. The current methods of hyperspectral imaging, such as...
Hybrid semantic clustering of 3D point clouds in construction
In this work, we present an artificial intelligence (AI)-based semantic segmentation approach for three-dimensional (3D) point clouds which were generated from 2D images with a structure from motion (SfM) pipeline. We utilize state-of-the-art...
Eight-channel SiNx microring–resonator based photonic biosensor for label-free fluid analysis in the optical C-band
A lab-on-a-chip multichannel sensing platform for biomedical analysis based on optical silicon nitride (SiNx) microring-resonators (MRR) was established. The resonators were surface functionalized and finally combined with a microfluidic chamber...
Diffuse-scattering-informed Geometric Channel Modeling for THz Wireless Communications Systems
This paper validates an in-house three-dimensional ray-launching (3D-RL) algorithm with a channel sounder measurement campaign that has been performed in a typical indoor environment at 300 GHz.
A hybrid photonic integrated signal source with > 1.5 THz continuous tunability and < 0.25 GHz accuracy for mmW/THz applications
We present a hybrid photonic integrated mmW/THz signal source, which comprises two tunable lasers and on-chip wavelength meters. The continuous wavelength tunability of a single laser is over 12 nm (1.5 THz), and the wavelength meter accuracy is...
1x4 Vertical Power Splitter/Combiner: A Basic Building Block for Complex 3D Waveguide Routing Networks
A novel polymer-based 1x4 vertical multimode interference (MMI) coupler for 3D photonics is presented. It connects four vertically stacked waveguide layers with a spacing of 21.6 µm. The functionality is demonstrated on a fabricated device.
Optimization of Ultra-Broadband Optical Wavelength Conversion in Nonlinear Multi-Modal Silicon-On-Insulator Waveguides
Ultra-broadband wavelength conversion is identified as one of the key issues in future high capacity, flexible optical networks. In this contribution, methods to optimize the design of a multi-modal high-nonlinear SOI waveguide to achieve...
Eight-channel SiNx microring–resonator based photonic biosensor for label-free fluid analysis in the optical C-band
A lab-on-a-chip multichannel sensing platform for biomedical analysis based on optical silicon nitride (SiNx) mi- croring-resonators (MRR) was established. The resonators were surface functionalized and finally combined with a microfluidic...
Automatic Reconstruction of Semantic 3D Models from 2D Floor Plans
Digitalization of existing buildings and the creation of 3D BIM models is crucial for many tasks. Of particular importance are floor plans, which contain information about building layouts and are vital for construction, maintenance or...
Accurate human body reconstruction for volumetric video
In this work, we enhance a professional end-to-end volumetric video production pipeline to achieve high-fidelity human body reconstruction using only passive cameras.We introduce and optimize deep learning based multi-view stereo networks for...
Dynamic Multi-View Scene Reconstruction Using Neural Implicit Surface
In this paper, we propose a template-free method to reconstruct surface geometry and appearance using neural implicit representations from multi-view videos. We leverage topology-aware deformation and the signed distance field to learn complex...
Preserving Memories of Contemporary Witnesses Using Volumetric Video
Oliver Schreer, Peter Eisert, Ingo Feldmann, Anna Hilsmann, Sylvain Renault, Marcus Zepp, Wieland Morgenstern, Rodrigo Mauricio Diaz Fernandez, Markus Worchel
Increasing the power and spectral efficiencies of an OFDM-based VLC system through multi-objective optimization
In order to minimize power usage and maximize spectral efficiency in visible light communication (VLC), we use a multi-objective optimization algorithm and compare DC-biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM) with constant envelope OFDM (CE-OFDM)...
Explainable Sequence-to-Sequence GRU Neural Network for Pollution Forecasting
The goal of pollution forecasting models is to allow the prediction and control of the air quality. While such deep learning models were deemed for a long time as black boxes, recent advances in eXplainable AI (XAI) allow to look through the...
Multi-View Mesh Reconstruction with Neural Deferred Shading
We propose an analysis-by-synthesis method for fast multi-view 3D reconstruction of opaque objects with arbitrary materials and illumination. We represent surfaces as triangle meshes and build a differentiable rendering pipeline around triangle...
Optimizing Explanations by Network Canonization and Hyperparameter Search
Rule-based and modified backpropagation XAI methods struggle with innovative layer building blocks and implementation-invariance issues.
In this work we propose canonizations for popular deep neural network architectures and...
Experimental Demonstration of Optical Modulation Format Identification Using SOI-based Photonic Reservoir
We experimentally show modulation format identification in the optical domain using Silicon-on-Insulator-based Photonic-Integrated-Circuit (PIC) reservoir. Identification of 32 GBd single-polarization signals of 4QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM and 64QAM is...
Deep-Unfolded Adaptive Projected Subgradient Method for MIMO Detection
Deep-Unfolded Adaptive Projected Subgradient Method for MIMO Detection This paper proposes a MIMO detector based on a deep unfolded superiorized adaptive projected subgradient method (APSM). By learning the design parameters of a superiorized...
Comparison of Polarization Diversity Configurations of SOI Strip Waveguide-Based Dual-Polarization Wavelength Conversion for S-Band Transmission
Using wavelength conversion of our fabricated SOI strip waveguide, we compared experimentally the polarization-insensitive configuration toward S-band real-time transmission. It is found that parallel configuration is 3dB superior in in-out...
Fooling State-of-the-Art Deepfake Detection with High-Quality Deepfakes
Due to the rising threat of deepfakes to security and privacy, it is most important to develop robust and reliable detectors. In this paper, we examine the need for high-quality samples in the training datasets of such detectors. Accordingly, we...
Assessing the Value of Multimodal Interfaces: A Study on Human–Machine Interaction in Weld Inspection Workstations
Multimodal user interfaces promise natural and intuitive human–machine interactions. However, is the extra effort for the development of a complex multisensor system justified, or can users also be satisfied with only one input modality? This...
Shortcomings of Top-Down Randomization-Based Sanity Checks for Evaluations of Deep Neural Network Explanations
While the evaluation of explanations is an important step towards trustworthy models, it needs to be done carefully, and the employed metrics need to be well-understood. Specifically model randomization testing is often overestimated and regarded...
Revealing Hidden Context Bias in Segmentation and Object Detection through Concept-specific Explanations
Applying traditional post-hoc attribution methods to segmentation or object detection predictors offers only limited insights, as the obtained feature attribution maps at input level typically resemble the models' predicted segmentation mask or...